Sensory Processing in Adulthood

Sensory differences are now part of the DSM-5 autism criteria (APA, 2022) and are reported by the majority of autistic adults (Crane et al., 2009).

Common profiles

• Hyper-responsive — bright lights, tags, and background noise dominate attention.
• Hypo-responsive — reduced awareness of pain, hunger, temperature.
• Sensory seeking — deep pressure, movement, or intense flavors help regulate.

Most autistic adults have a mixed profile that varies with stress and energy.

Everyday impact

Sensory load contributes directly to meltdowns, shutdowns, and burnout (Raymaker et al., 2020). Fluorescent-lit offices, open-plan grocery stores, and crowded public transport are frequently cited triggers.

What helps

• Occupational-therapy-informed sensory audits of home and work.
• Loop, Flare, or standard noise-reducing earplugs.
• Weighted blankets, compression clothing, and scheduled sensory downtime.

Sources

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.).
2. Crane, L., Goddard, L., & Pring, L. (2009). Sensory processing in adults with autism spectrum disorders. Autism, 13(3), 215-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361309103794
3. Raymaker, D. M., et al. (2020). Defining autistic burnout. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2019.0079
4. STAR Institute for Sensory Processing. Sensory Processing Disorder in Adults. https://sensoryhealth.org/basic/sensory-processing-disorder-in-adults